View source for Particles (Final/Conjunctive) - Conjunctions of Japanese

Japanese (Nihongo) no "final-conjuctive particles" to "conjunctions" list.

==Final Particles==

{| class="wikitable" width=100%
|+ 
|-
!width=140px|particle
! meaning
|-
! [[-da]]
|assertion (for nouns/derivative adjectives)
|}

{| class="wikitable" width=100%
|+ 
|-
!width=140px|particle
! meaning
|-
! [[-ka]](?)<br />[[-kana]](?)<br />-(na)[[-no|no]](?)
|interrogative<br />interrogative ([[-ka]]+[[-na]])<br />interrogative【frank】
|-
! -(da)[[-zo|zo]]<br/>-(n/le/ow)[[-ya|ya]]<br />-(da)[[-yo|yo]]<br />-(na)[[-nda|nda]]
|emphasizing, will, inducement, confirmation<br />emphasizing, will, inducement, confirmation【rude, [[Slangs/Dialects of Japanese|dialect]]】<br />emphasizing, will, inducement, confirmation【frank】<br />emphasizing, confirmation
|-
! -(da)[[-na|na]](?)<br />-(da)[[-ne|ne]](?)<br />[[-deshow]](?)
|estimation, confirmation【rude】<br />estimation, confirmation【frank】<br />estimation, confirmation ([[-des]]+[[-yow]])
|-
! -(da)[[-yona|yona]](?)<br />-(da)[[-yone|yone]](?)
|confirmation ([[-yo]]+[[-na]])【rude】<br />confirmation ([[-yo]]+[[-ne]])【frank】
|}

{| class="wikitable" width=100%
|+ 
|-
!width=140px|particle
! meaning
|-
! [[-kaa|-ka(a)]]<br />-(da)[[-naa|na(a)]]
|admiration, understanding, surprising<br />admiration, understanding
|-
! [[-na]](!)
|ban
|}

==Conjunctive Particles - Conjunctions==
===sequential/continuous/parallel===

{| class="wikitable" width=100%
|-
!width=140px|<span style="font-weight:bold;">particle</span>
! meaning
!width=140px|conjunction
|-
! [[-te]] ([[-de]])
|sequential/continuous, parallel
! [[sosite]]
|-
! [[-nagala]]
|sequential/continuous, parallel
! 
|-
! [[-tsuts]]
|sequential/continuous, parallel
! 
|-
! [[-tekala|-te(-de)kala]]
|sequential/continuous
! 
|-
!
|
! 
|-
! [[-tali]] ([[-dali]])
|parallel
! [[mata]]
|-
! -(da)[[-si|si]]
|parallel
| 
|}

===causal/subjunctive/conditional===
{| class="wikitable" width=100%
|-
!width=140px|<span style="font-weight:bold;">particle</span>
! meaning
!width=140px|conjunction
|-
! -(da)[[-kala|kala]]
|causal【literary, impolite】
! [[dakala]]
|-
! -(na)[[-node|node]]
|causal【colloquial, polite】
! [[nanode]]
|-
!
|causal
! [[sitagatte]]
|-
!
|causal
! [[yotte]]
|-
!
|
!
|-
! -(da)[[-ga|ga]]
|causal [reversal]【literary, impolite】
! [[daga]]
|-
! -(da)[[-kedo|kedo]]
|causal [reversal]【frank】
! [[dakedo]]
|-
! -(na)[[-noni|noni]]
|causal [reversal]【colloquial, polite】
! (sole)[[nanoni]]
|-
!
|causal [reversal]
! [[sikasi]]
|}

{| class="wikitable" width=100%
|+ 
|-
!width=140px| -(da)[[-to|to]]
|causal [incidental]
!width=140px| (sow)[[sulto]]
|-
! -(dat)[[-tala|tala]] ([[-dala]])
|causal [incidental]
! [[sowsitala|so(w)sitala]]
|}

{| class="wikitable" width=100%
|+ 
|-
!width=140px| [[-nala]](ba)
|subjunctive, conditional
!width=140px| [[solenala|(sole)nala]](ba)
|-
! [[-ba]]
|subjunctive, conditional
! [[tadasi]] *
|-
! -(dat)[[-tala|tala]] ([[-dala]])
|subjunctive, conditional
! (sole)[[dattala]]
|-
!
|
!
|-
! [[-temo]] ([[-demo]])
|subjunctive, conditional [reversal]
! (sole)[[demo]]
|}

{| class="wikitable" width=100%
|+ 
|-
!width=140px| -<span style="font-weight:bold;">(da)[[-to|to]]</span>
|conditional
!width=140px| [[soledato|(sole)dato]]
|-
! [[-tea]] ([[-dea]])
|conditional
! [[soledea|(sole)dea]]
|-
! [[-cha]] ([[-ja]])
|conditional [not polite]
! [[soleja|(sole)ja]]
|-
!
|
!
|-
! -(na)[[-noni|noni]]
|conditional [reversal]
! (sole)[[nanoni]]
|}

===additional/complemental/switching===
{| class="wikitable" width=100%
|-
!width=140px|<span style="font-weight:bold;">particle</span>
! meaning
!width=140px|conjunction
|-
! -(da)[[-ga|ga]]
|additional/complemental
! [[nao]] *
|-
! -(da)[[-kedo|kedo]]
|additional/complemental
! [[tinamini]] *
|}

{| class="wikitable" width=100%
|+ 
|-
!width=140px|
|switching
!width=140px| [[sate]]
|-
!
|switching
! [[tokolode]]
|}
(*) main clause ni taisite atokala information o add sul word.

[[Category:Grammar]]
[[Category:Final|*]]
[[Category:Conjunctive|*]]
[[Category:Conjunction|*]]